Turn Point Light Station

WWII era photo of the Turn Point light station, with a military observation tower in the left of the image.  Image from Wikimedia Commons

Turn Point on Stuart Island marks the ragged and liquid edge of the contiguous United States, and like many of the most northerly rocky points of the San Juan Islands, it is graced with a historic lighthouse that helped (and still helps, though now with an automated light) to guide ships along the channels between Canada and the United States.  And, like many of the historic light stations, it is in very good repair, such that if you were a visitor to this place from the turn of the century you might not immediately know that you had arrived in 2020.  Case in point, the image above is ~80 years old, and the scene today is different only in minor detail:

1 November 2020 photo of the Turn Point light station, looking north from the Keeper's house

The most notable difference is the observation tower at left in the photo, which was used as an observation post during WWII...another symbol of changing uses of Washington's shoreline.

Friday Harbor Laboratories, an early version

 

Photo of one of the early iterations of what is now the University of Washington's Friday Harbor Labs.  Photo courtesy of the University of Washington's Special Collections.

The photo above dates to between 1909 and 1924, and is of a location on the shorelines of Friday Harbor on San Juan Island (about here).  The building in the forefront of the photo still sits on the shoreline, and was used as one of the early sites of what has become the University of Washington's Friday Harbor Labs.  My guess is that those tents perched on the hillside hosted students, and according to the history linked above, the site was eventually abandoned in favor of the Lab's current location here due to the steepness and muddiness of this location.  That steepness and muddiness, though, did not prevent the site from developing through time, though, and those tents have been replaced with some very high value real estate on the outskirts of the town of Friday Harbor.  Here is the contemporary view:

15 November 2020 photo of the shoreline of Friday Harbor, Washington

Landing craft on the beach at Fort Worden

 A quick post today from Fort Worden in Port Townsend. I mostly want to use this post to amplify the great work by Fort Worden historian Tim Caldwell with his regular column in the Port Townsend Leader newspaper. Kudos to the newspaper and the community for continuing to celebrate and share the story of this special place. 

Tim shared this same historical photo of landing craft on the beach at Point Wilson earlier this year. Please enjoy Tim's history behind this photo at the Port Townsend Leader's website and enjoy my now photo here for comparison:

Point Wilson at Fort Worden Then (1950) and Now (2020)
(Historical photo courtesy of the Jefferson County Historical Society)

In the distance you see the Point Wilson lighthouse, which has stood since 1879, although it was rebuilt in 1914. It was built on a very sandy beach and the shoreline to the north was heavily armored in an effort to protect the lighthouse and associated buildings from the large wind waves from the Strait of Juan de Fuca that pummel the beach and threatened the integrity of these structures. The negative effects of shoreline armoring obviously weren't known in those days. 

Please visit this page from the National Archives to see photos of the previous lighthouse and the beach before the riprap was placed. For more information about the history of the lighthouse, please visit lighthousefriends.com, and for current information please visit pointwilsonlighthouse.org. 

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Friday Harbor's shoreline

 

I believe that this photo is in the special collections of the University of Washington.  Link needed though.

A short-term teaching residency at Friday Harbor Laboratories means that I will have the chance to create some of the trademark now-and-thens for the shorelines of the San Juan Islands...and where better to start than at Friday Harbor Laboratory itself.  The photo above isn't all that old...it was shot in 1952, roughly three decades after the labs took root on this spot on the northern shore of Friday Harbor.  As the labs have developed this chunk of shoreline hasn't changed all that much, outside of the growth of trees along the shoreline:

29 October 2020 photo 

I am struck by one thing though in the 1952 photo - the amount of wood that appears to be accreted to the shoreline looks to be quite a bit more than at present.  There are probably good reasons for this - logging and log transport via tug-and-raft arrangements was presumably more common in the middle of the 20th century.  

A look at a buried tide flat

 

The photo above is another from Port Angeles, and is part of an extensive series of photos that appear to all have been taken as the downtown area was being filled in 1914.  Many of this series are part of the Bert Kellogg collection, hosted by the North Olympic Library, but this particular photo doesn't appear to be available in that collection.  I obtained this photo from Dr. Karl Wegmann, who had collected a large set of historic photos of Port Angeles to support a report to the City of Port Angeles, and a subsequent paper.  

This particular photo was taken right about here, and the view from the same perspective looks considerably different today:

16 October 2020 photo taken looking southeast from the corner of Railroad and Laurel in downtown Port Angeles, Washington.

I like this particular historic photo because you can make out the intertidal flats that would have fringed Port Angeles harbor historically.  From the looks of it I'm guessing that it was prime habitat for clams, birds and fish, and it would have been quite cool to check out.  Its still there of course, but buried under many feet of fill...

Flagler's guns come ashore at Marrowstone Point

My favorite place to visit here on the Olympic Peninsula is Fort Flagler on Marrowstone Island. The former coast artillery fort is now a state park offering the best views of Puget Sound you can hope to find, including powerful currents and marine wildlife to watch, historical military structures to explore, and let’s toss in a lighthouse (well, sort of) for good measure. All these features make it an endlessly entertaining place to visit for a day, a weekend, or longer.

The historical photo for today’s blog post really blew my mind when I first saw it. It's a shot of Marrowstone Point from 1898, when Fort Flagler was under construction. I hope you enjoy my now photo, but you really should go to Jefferson County Historical Society’s site and look at the original historical photo. There are so many fascinating details to spot. Those are enormous cannon barrels being brought ashore from a barge on the beach. And in the distance on the left is the Marrowstone Light Station keeper's residence.

Marrowstone Point at Fort Flagler in 1898 and 2020
(Historical photo courtesy of Jefferson County Historical Society) 

Construction of Fort Flagler began in 1897 but the U.S. government was active here a decade earlier in the interest of maritime safety. A light to guide mariners has shone at Marrowstone Point in one form or another since 1888, but not from the traditional lighthouse tower that most of us would think of. Starting with a lens lantern mounted on a pole, the light eventually was erected atop a 20 ft. concrete building where it has been located since 1918. 

The light keeper's residence in both our now and then photos has acted as sentinel, standing at the shoreline since 1896. Just offshore, Puget Sound's unwieldy winds and dense fog can make navigating the strong currents rushing through narrow Admiralty Inlet a harrowing experience for vessels of any size. One calamitous event happened here in 1892 when the freighter S.S. Willamette rammed the S.S. Premier at full speed, killing five and injuring 18. Although neither ship sank, the damage to the Premier was significant to say the least. Take a look for yourself.  😮

The light still shines, now automated, but since the mid-1970s the site and structures have primarily served federal scientific research as the U.S. Geological Survey’s Marrowstone Marine Field Station. Their current work is focused on fish and overall marine ecosystem health. The light keeper's residence provides lodging for visiting scientists.

Marrowstone Point 1895 map
(National Archives)

I have not been able to track down information on the barn or other buildings we see in the historical photo. But on a map of the fort from 1913, the buildings are labeled as “old stables” and “old laundry.” Structures also appear on a map from 1895, but have no information. If anyone knows more, please share.

Fort Flagler 1913 map
(National Archives)

In addition to these maps, the National Archives website has several interesting photos including the document below showing the earlier structure on which the light was placed, and the front of the keeper's quarters with its fog bell. Both structures still stand and can be seen today (minus the bell).

1915 images of Marrowstone Point Light Station
(National Archives)

Sources: 

• https://www.historylink.org/File/5702
  https://www.lighthousefriends.com/light.asp?ID=109
• "Fort Flagler, Over 100 years of History," A Friends of Fort Flagler publication, 3rd Edition, January 2013

Ennis Creek, A look down from above

1887 photo of the mouth of Ennis Creek on the Strait of Juan de Fuca.  Photo from the Bert Kellogg collection, hosted by the North Olympic Library System.

The perspective above, of the mouth of Ennis Creek on the central Strait near present day Port Angeles, really intrigues me.  Not only does this photo date to 1887, which is an old image for this part of Washington, but it is also looking down on the creek mouth and hamlet from above...a somewhat rare perspective for old photos like this.  The area around the Ennis Creek mouth has been heavily used, and modified, over time: Originally a Klallam village site, then the settlement site for the Puget Sound Cooperative Colony (shown in the 1887 photo above), then utterly transformed by the construction of the Rayonier Mill in 1927.  The site is now home to the Olympic Discovery Trail, and also is the site of an active toxic clean-up program.  As a consequence, the landscape now looks very different:

September 18, 2020 photo of the mouth of Ennis Creek, looking down from bluffs to the west of the site.